Participant observation is aimed at gaining a deeper understanding and familiarity with a certain group of individuals, their values, beliefs, and lifestyles. Advantages. It also adds some of the advantages of interviews (especially group interviews) to the advantages of other forms of observation, as the researcher can probe people for explanations or further information. A disadvantage . Overt PO avoids more of the practical and ethical issues then Convert PO however can possess more ethical and practical problems. May be the only way for studying certain groups eg gangs. Naturalistic Observations. The strengths of participant observation include the depth of knowledge that it allows the researcher to obtain and the perspective of knowledge of social problems and phenomena generated from the level of the everyday lives of those experiencing them. Participant observation has a high risk of bias entering the data. Reliability weakness. Controlled Observations. Non-participant observation advantages Doesn't influence the group, less time consuming/easier use of a structured observation schedule objectivity, Non-participant observation disadvantages (Theoretical) Only way to achieve true verstehen and validity is to use participant observation (Interpretivist) What are three advantages . Active participant observation The Strengths of Participant Observation Theoretical Advantages The most significant strength of both types of participant observation is the high degree of validity the method achieves. Strengths (i) It gives a highly rich and detailed image of the people who are the subject of the study. Many of the studies that use this form of participant observation are studies in which researchers observe people's behavior and communications in public places, such as restaurants, coffee shops, transportation hubs, and even on the Internet through innovative methods such as netnography. Observation Methods. Results are usually valid compared to getting the students to fill out a questionnaire about truancy when there is no real way of telling if they are giving accurate answers. By knowing the level of life and daily life of the group, it is much easier to understand the situation and achieve a profound change. Pearsall (1970) identified the two advantages of this role. The representative sample being studied is relatively small. from publication: Comparison of empirical methods for building agent-based models in land use science | Agent-Based Modeling . In participant observation, the researcher integrates themselves into a group to study their way of life, their culture, . There are at least five reasons for this: Reactivity is not a problem - if respondents are not aware research is taking place, they are less likely to act differently. Researcher can see for them selves; . By becoming involved in observing, the researcher may conduct short interviews. Validity - produces rich qualitative data which shows picture of how people really live. In this frame of mind . More successful method. Insight strength. Sociology. Difficult to replicate as relies on researchers skills and produces qualitative data which is difficult to make comparisons between. Its strengths and weaknesses are mentioned below: Strengths (i)It provides a very rich and detailed picture of the people on whom the research is being conducted. Very minimal technical knowledge is required, and even though scientifically controlled observations require some technical skills, it is still more accessible and more straightforward than other methods. Download Table | Strengths and weaknesses of participant observation. Advantages of covert participant observation Gaining access, especially to closed groups, is much easier because the researcher does not have to seek permission. Participant observation STRENGTHS The researcher can obtain in-depth data as they are in close proximity to the participants and so are unlikely to overlook or miss any behaviours. Participant Observations (PO) gives first hand insight into a group's life but there can be problems both joining and leaving, it can be time consuming and stressful. 3. Practical strength? Following are the merits of participant observation: (a) Objectivity and neutrality: If an observer participates in the event actively and emotionally he may try to justify the evil things of the group as just things. However, there are different types of observational methods and distinctions need to be made between: 1. (iii)The sociologist is free to ask the person an unlimited number of questions. Ethical questions exist for this qualitative research method. Disadvantages of covert participant observation Detailed,. Individuals within the study often share their lives more freely with someone inside their circle. 2. Advantages and disadvantages of observational research. Gold (1958) and Pearsall (1970) stated that once a researcher adopt role as an observer as participant, they focus more on observation than on participation and thus they slightly get involved with insiders. List of the Advantages of Participant Observation 1. This component provides a dimension of knowledge that is needing in survey data. It takes a lot of time to gather factual data using participant observation. Participant observers record their observations and descriptions of activities distinctly from their own thoughts and reflections and sometimes use a separate journal for the latter. Advantages of Non-Participant Observation: However, non-participant observation also has some advantages. It allows researchers to receive a clear picture of how people are living and interacting with each other. LIMITATIONS The researchers' presence might influence the participants' behaviour due to evaluation apprehension, Non-participant observation STRENGTHS The group is often a subculture within a larger society, such as a religious, occupational, or community-based group. In the Participant Observation research is where the researcher physically joins the society or the group He or She wants to study and observe the behavior. Advantages and disadvantages Depth of knowledge Participant observation allows the researcher to obtain a more accurate perspective of the social problems of the studied group. And, we will also the limitations of using overt and covert participant . In this article, we shall cover all the practical, theoretical, and ethical strengths of participant observation. (ii)The sociologist can talk to the native people of the community directly which helps in the authenticity of the data. It is favored by interpretivist sociologists as it acheives . Participant observation demands the researcher to be a subjective participant in the understanding that they use the information obtained through personal involvement with the research subjects to communicate with and gain further entrance to the group. A strength of participant observation when investigating truancy from school is that participants behave as they normally do so the data collected is valid. Observation (watching what people do) would seem to be an obvious method of carrying out research in psychology. It provides results that lend validity to a proposed theory. The participant observation approach collects an abundant amount of qualitative data that is useful in a variety of postulations. When functioning fully inside a setting, participant observers have access to much more material than researchers who are making observations from outside a situation. It puts a strong emphasis on the nature of particular social phenomena, involves working with unstructured data (that have not been coded), and investigates a small number of cases (or one case) in. (ii)The sociologist can speak directly with the community's native people, ensuring the data's validity. Participant observation is a research method which involves the researcher joining a group and looking at the members activities or daily lives. Advantages of Observation Method Easiest method: The simplest method of data collection is the method of observation. List of the Disadvantages of Participant Observation. The different types of observational methods (participant or non-participant, covert or overt, structured or unstructured) each have their own set of advantages and . An advantage of using participant observation is that it provides verstehen, a real and empathic insight into one's subject. 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